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dirt guard

Толкование Перевод

1 брызговик

1) General subject: mudguard

2) Military: wheel( splash) guard

3) Engineering: dirt guard, fender flap, splash apron (подколёсной ниши)

4) Railway term: splash pan

5) Automobile industry: antisplash guard, aplash guard, fender, mud flap, mud guard, mud shield, mudflap, splash board, splash guard, splash plate, splash shield, splasher, splashguard, splashing plate, underscreen, undershield

6) Automation: dipper (в смазочных системах), splash ring

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > брызговик
2 грязевой щиток

1) General subject: splashboard

2) Military: anti-splash guard

3) Engineering: dirt guard, mud flap, mud guard, mudguard, splash guard

4) Railway term: splash pan

5) Automobile industry: splash apron, splash board, splash shield, splasher

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > грязевой щиток
3 щит против грязи

Engineering: dirt guard, mud guard

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > щит против грязи
4 perro

m.

dog, canine.

* * *

perro

► adjetivo

1 rotten

► nombre masculino perro

1 ZOOLOGÍA dog

\

FRASEOLOGÍA

'Cuidado con el perro' "Beware of the dog"

a otro perro con ese hueso pull the other one

atar los perros con longaniza familiar to have money to burn

coger una perra familiar to have a tantrum

de perros familiar rotten, lousy

llevar una vida de perros familiar to lead a dog's life

llevarse como el perro y el gato familiar to fight like cat and dog

no valer ni tres perras gordas familiar not to be worth a penny

perro ladrador, poco mordedor his (her etc) bark is worse than his (her etc) bite

ser perro viejo familiar to be long in the tooth

perro caliente hot dog

perro callejero stray dog

perro de caza hunting dog

perro de compañía pet dog

perro de muestra pointer

perro de rastro tracker dog

perro faldero lapdog

perro pastor sheepdog

perro perdiguero gundog

perro policía police dog

perro rastrero tracker dog

————————

perro

► nombre masculino

1 ZOOLOGÍA dog

* * *

(f. - perra)

noun

dog

* * *

1. SM

1) (Zool) dog

cuidado con el perro — beware of the dog

perro afgano — Afghan hound

perro antiexplosivos, perro buscadrogas — sniffer dog

perro callejero — stray (dog)

perro cobrador — retriever

perro dálmata — dalmatian

perro de agua — CAm coypu

perro de aguas — spaniel

perro de casta — pedigree dog

perro de caza — hunting dog

perro de ciego — guide dog

perro de lanas — poodle

perro de muestra — pointer

perro de presa — bulldog

perro de raza — pedigree dog

perro de San Bernardo — St Bernard

perro de Terranova — Newfoundland dog

perro de trineo — husky, sled dog

perro dogo — bulldog

perro esquimal — husky

perro faldero — lapdog

perro guardián — guard dog

perro guía — guide dog

perro lazarillo — guide dog

perro lebrel — whippet

perro lobo — alsatian, German shepherd

perro marino — dogfish

perro pastor — sheepdog

perro pequinés — Pekinese

perro policía — police dog

perro raposero — foxhound

perro rastreador, perro rastrero — tracker dog

perro salchicha — * sausage dog *, dachshund

perro vagabundo — stray (dog)

perro zorrero — foxhound

2)

- ¡a otro perro con ese hueso!

atar perros con longaniza —

se cree que allí atan los perros con longaniza — he thinks it's the land of milk and honey

- de perros

estaba de un humor de perros — he was in a foul o stinking mood

tiempo de perros — foul o dirty weather

- echarle los perros a algn

- echar una hora a perros

- hacer perro muerto

- heder a perro muerto

- meter los perros en danza

¿qué perro te/le mordió? — Caribe * what's up with you/him? *

- llevarse como el perro y el gato

- ser como el perro del hortelano

- ser perro viejo

- tratar a algn como a un perro

- vida de perro

- a perro flaco todo son pulgas

- perro ladrador, poco mordedor

3) (Culin)

perro caliente — hot dog

4) * pey (=holgazán) lazy sod ***

5) * pey (=persona despreciable) swine **

6) And (=modorra) drowsiness

7) Cono Sur clothes peg, clothes pin (EEUU)

2.

ADJ * rotten *

¡qué perra suerte la mía! — what rotten luck I have! *

esta perra vida — this wretched life

¡qué perra vida! — life's a bitch! *

he pasado una temporada perra — I've been through a rough patch *

* * *
I
- rra adjetivo

a) (fam) <vida/suerte> rotten (colloq), lousy (colloq)

b) < persona> nasty
II
- rra masculino, femenino

1) (Zool) dog

cuidado con el perro! — beware of the dog

a otro perro con ese hueso — (fam) go tell it to the marines! (AmE colloq), pull the other one! (BrE colloq)

atar perros con longaniza — (fam) to have money to burn (colloq)

como perro en cancha de bochas — (RPl fam & hum)

andar más perdido que perro en cancha de bochas — to be like a fish out of water

me tuvieron todo el día como perro en cancha de bochas — they had me rushing around from pillar to post all day long (colloq)

como un perro — (fam)

terminó sus días como un perro — he ended his days in the gutter

me dejó tirado como un perro — she abandoned me as if I were a stray dog

de perros — (fam) foul

hace un tiempo de perros — the weather's foul o horrible

está de un humor de perros — he's in a foul mood

echarle los perros a alguien — (fam) ( para ahuyentar) to set the dogs on somebody; ( recibir muy mal) to give somebody a hostile reception (colloq)

es el mismo perro con diferente collar — nothing has really changed, it's the same people (o regime etc) under a different name

estar meado de perros — (CS fam) to be plagued o dogged by bad luck

hacer perro muerto — (Chi fam) to do a runner (colloq)

llevarse como (el) perro y (el) gato — to fight like cats and dogs (AmE) o (BrE) cat and dog

meterle a alguien el perro — (RPl fam) to con somebody (colloq)

no tener ni perro que le ladre — (fam) to be all alone in the world

perro no come perro — (Col fam) there is honor* among thieves

ser como el perro del hortelano (que ni come ni deja comer al amo) — to be a dog in the manger

ser perro viejo — to be a wily o shrewd old bird (colloq)

tratar a alguien como a un perro — to treat somebody like dirt

a perro flaco todo son pulgas — it never rains but it pours

perro que ladra no muerde or (Esp) perro ladrador, poco mordedor — his/her bark's worse than his/her bite

- perro callejero

- perro de caza

- perro de compañía

- perro de lanas

- perro de presa

- perro esquimal

- perro guardián

- perro guía or lazarillo

- perro lobo

- perro pastor

- perro pequinés or pekinés

- perro or perrito caliente

- perro or perrito faldero

- perro policía or policial

- perro rastreador

- perro salchicha

2) ( persona) tyrant

* * *

= dog.

Ex. The phenomena studied by disciplines may be either concrete entities, such as adolescent, motor car, dog or diamond or abstract ideas such as love, beauty or hate.

----

* caseta para el perro = kennel, doghouse.

* collar de perro = dog collar.

* comida para perros = dog food.

* como el perro del hortelano que ni come ni deja comer = a dog in the manger.

* con un humor de perros = like a bear with a sore head, in a foul mood.

* criadero de perros = breeding kennel.

* criador de perros = dog breeder.

* día de perros = bad hair day.

* el perro es el mejor amigo del hombre = a dog is man's best friend.

* humor de perros = vicious temper.

* llevar una vida de perros = lead + a dog's life.

* más hambre que el perro de un ciego = as hungry as a wolf, as hungry as a bear, as hungry as a hunter.

* no buscarle las pulgas al perro = let + sleeping dogs lie.

* pelea de perros = dogfight [dog fight].

* perro callejero = garbage dog, mutt, mongrel, street dog, stray dog.

* perro de caza = hound, bloodhound, gun dog, gun dog.

* perro de guerra = dog of war, war dog.

* perro de rastreo = rescue dog, sniffer dog, search dog.

* perro de rescate = rescue dog, search dog.

* perro de trineo = sled dog.

* perro faldero = pug, lap dog.

* perro guardián = guard dog.

* perro guía = guide dog.

* perro labrador = Labrador retriever.

* perro ladrador, poco mordedor = Posesivo + bark is worse than + Posesivo + bite, barking dogs seldom bite.

* perro lazarillo = guide dog.

* perro mapache = raccoon dog.

* perro mestizo = mongrel.

* perro ovejero = sheepdog.

* perro pastor = sheepdog.

* perro peligroso = vicious dog.

* perro perdiguero = golden retriever.

* perro policía = police dog.

* perro rabioso = rabid dog.

* perro raposero = foxhound.

* perro rastreador = tracker dog, bloodhound, sleuthhound, sniffer dog.

* perro salchicha = dachshund, sausage dog, wiener dog.

* perro zorrero = foxhound.

* salchicha para perros = dog sausage.

* salmón perro = chum, chum salmon, dog salmon.

* temperamento de perros = vicious temper.

* vida de perros = a dog's life.

* * *
I
- rra adjetivo

a) (fam) <vida/suerte> rotten (colloq), lousy (colloq)

b) < persona> nasty
II
- rra masculino, femenino

1) (Zool) dog

cuidado con el perro! — beware of the dog

a otro perro con ese hueso — (fam) go tell it to the marines! (AmE colloq), pull the other one! (BrE colloq)

atar perros con longaniza — (fam) to have money to burn (colloq)

como perro en cancha de bochas — (RPl fam & hum)

andar más perdido que perro en cancha de bochas — to be like a fish out of water

me tuvieron todo el día como perro en cancha de bochas — they had me rushing around from pillar to post all day long (colloq)

como un perro — (fam)

terminó sus días como un perro — he ended his days in the gutter

me dejó tirado como un perro — she abandoned me as if I were a stray dog

de perros — (fam) foul

hace un tiempo de perros — the weather's foul o horrible

está de un humor de perros — he's in a foul mood

echarle los perros a alguien — (fam) ( para ahuyentar) to set the dogs on somebody; ( recibir muy mal) to give somebody a hostile reception (colloq)

es el mismo perro con diferente collar — nothing has really changed, it's the same people (o regime etc) under a different name

estar meado de perros — (CS fam) to be plagued o dogged by bad luck

hacer perro muerto — (Chi fam) to do a runner (colloq)

llevarse como (el) perro y (el) gato — to fight like cats and dogs (AmE) o (BrE) cat and dog

meterle a alguien el perro — (RPl fam) to con somebody (colloq)

no tener ni perro que le ladre — (fam) to be all alone in the world

perro no come perro — (Col fam) there is honor* among thieves

ser como el perro del hortelano (que ni come ni deja comer al amo) — to be a dog in the manger

ser perro viejo — to be a wily o shrewd old bird (colloq)

tratar a alguien como a un perro — to treat somebody like dirt

a perro flaco todo son pulgas — it never rains but it pours

perro que ladra no muerde or (Esp) perro ladrador, poco mordedor — his/her bark's worse than his/her bite

- perro callejero

- perro de caza

- perro de compañía

- perro de lanas

- perro de presa

- perro esquimal

- perro guardián

- perro guía or lazarillo

- perro lobo

- perro pastor

- perro pequinés or pekinés

- perro or perrito caliente

- perro or perrito faldero

- perro policía or policial

- perro rastreador

- perro salchicha

2) ( persona) tyrant

* * *

= dog.

Ex: The phenomena studied by disciplines may be either concrete entities, such as adolescent, motor car, dog or diamond or abstract ideas such as love, beauty or hate.

* caseta para el perro = kennel, doghouse.

* collar de perro = dog collar.

* comida para perros = dog food.

* como el perro del hortelano que ni come ni deja comer = a dog in the manger.

* con un humor de perros = like a bear with a sore head, in a foul mood.

* criadero de perros = breeding kennel.

* criador de perros = dog breeder.

* día de perros = bad hair day.

* el perro es el mejor amigo del hombre = a dog is man's best friend.

* humor de perros = vicious temper.

* llevar una vida de perros = lead + a dog's life.

* más hambre que el perro de un ciego = as hungry as a wolf, as hungry as a bear, as hungry as a hunter.

* no buscarle las pulgas al perro = let + sleeping dogs lie.

* pelea de perros = dogfight [dog fight].

* perro callejero = garbage dog, mutt, mongrel, street dog, stray dog.

* perro de caza = hound, bloodhound, gun dog, gun dog.

* perro de guerra = dog of war, war dog.

* perro de rastreo = rescue dog, sniffer dog, search dog.

* perro de rescate = rescue dog, search dog.

* perro de trineo = sled dog.

* perro faldero = pug, lap dog.

* perro guardián = guard dog.

* perro guía = guide dog.

* perro labrador = Labrador retriever.

* perro ladrador, poco mordedor = Posesivo + bark is worse than + Posesivo + bite, barking dogs seldom bite.

* perro lazarillo = guide dog.

* perro mapache = raccoon dog.

* perro mestizo = mongrel.

* perro ovejero = sheepdog.

* perro pastor = sheepdog.

* perro peligroso = vicious dog.

* perro perdiguero = golden retriever.

* perro policía = police dog.

* perro rabioso = rabid dog.

* perro raposero = foxhound.

* perro rastreador = tracker dog, bloodhound, sleuthhound, sniffer dog.

* perro salchicha = dachshund, sausage dog, wiener dog.

* perro zorrero = foxhound.

* salchicha para perros = dog sausage.

* salmón perro = chum, chum salmon, dog salmon.

* temperamento de perros = vicious temper.

* vida de perros = a dog's life.

* * *

perro¹ - rra

adjective

A ( fam); ‹vida/suerte› rotten ( colloq), lousy ( colloq)

¡qué perra suerte! what rotten o lousy luck!

B

1 ( fam) (severo) nasty

2 ( Col fam) (astuto) sneaky ( colloq), crafty ( colloq)

perro² - rra

masculine, feminine

A ( Zool) dog

[ S ] ¡cuidado con el perro! beware of the dog

a otro perro con ese hueso go tell it to the marines! ( AmE), pull the other one! ( BrE)

atar perros con longaniza ( fam); to have money to burn ( colloq)

como perro en cancha de bochas ( RPl fam hum): andar más perdido que perro en cancha de bochas to be like a fish out of water

me tuvieron todo el día como perro en cancha de bochas they had me rushing around from pillar to post all day long ( colloq)

como un perro ( fam): terminó sus días como un perro he ended his days in the gutter

me dejó tirado como un perro she abandoned me, as if I were a stray dog

murió como un perro, en la miseria he died in abject poverty, like a dog

de perros ( fam); foul

hace un tiempo de perros the weather's foul o horrible o terrible

está de un humor de perros he's in a foul mood

echarle los perros a algn ( fam) (para ahuyentar) to set the dogs on sb; (recibir muy mal) to give sb a hostile reception ( colloq)

es el mismo perro con diferente collar nothing has really changed, it's the same people ( o regime etc) under a different name

estar meado de perros (CS fam); to be plagued o dogged by bad luck

hacer perro muerto ( Chi fam); to do a runner ( colloq)

llevarse como (el) perro y (el) gato to fight like cat and dog

me/nos/les fue como a los perros en misa I/we/they had a terrible time of it ( colloq)

meterle a algn el perro ( RPl fam); to con sb ( colloq)

no tener ni perro que le ladre ( fam); to be all alone in the world

perro no come perro ( Col fam); there is honor* among thieves

perro viejo ladra sentado said of sb who has learned how to do things with a minimum of effort

ser como el perro del hortelano (que ni come ni deja comer al amo) to be a dog in the manger

ser perro viejo to be a wily o shrewd old bird ( colloq)

tratar a algn como a un perro to treat sb like dirt

a perro flaco todo son pulgas it never rains but it pours

muerto el perro, se acabó la rabia the best way to solve a problem is to attack the root cause of it

por un perro que maté, mataperros me llamaron give a dog a bad name

perro que ladra no muerde or ( Esp) perro ladrador, poco mordedor his/her bark's worse than his/her bite

Compuestos:

● perro afgano

Afghan (hound)

● perro alano

mastiff

● perro or perrito caliente

( Coc) hot dog

● perro callejero

stray dog, stray

● perro caniche

poodle

● perro de aguas

water dog

● perro de caza

gundog

● perro de compañía

pet dog

● perro or perrito de faldas

perro faldero

● perro or perrillo de las praderas

prairie dog

● perro de lanas

poodle

● perro de muestra

pointer

● perro (de) policía

( RPl) German shepherd, Alsatian ( BrE)

● perro de presa

bulldog

● perro de rastreo

perro rastreador

● perro esquimal

husky

● perro or perrito faldero

(animal) lapdog; (persona) ( fam) lapdog ( colloq)

● perro guardián

guard dog

● perro guía

guide dog

● perro lazarillo

guide dog

● perro lebrel

hound

● perro lobo

German shepherd, Alsatian ( BrE)

● perro lulú

spitz

● perro mastín

mastiff

● perro ovejero

sheepdog

● perro pachón

basset hound

● perro pastor

sheepdog

● perro pequinés or pekinés

Pekinese

● perro perdiguero

gundog

seguir a algn como perro perdiguero to pursue sb relentlessly

● perro podenco

spaniel

● perro policial

( Chi) German shepherd, Alsatian ( BrE)

● perro rastreador

(para seguir una huella) tracker dog; (para buscar drogas) sniffer dog

● perro salchicha

dachshund, sausage dog ( colloq)

B (persona) tyrant

C ( Chi fam) (como apelativo cariñoso) sweetie ( colloq), pet ( BrE colloq)

Compuesto:

perro choco

( Chi) (fam) sweetheart

D

perro masculine ( Chi)

1 (para la ropa) clothespin ( AmE), clothes-peg ( BrE)

2 (ficha) counter

* * *

perro
◊ - rra sustantivo masculino, femenino (Zool) dog;

perro callejero stray (dog);
perro de compañía pet dog;
perro guardián guard dog;
perro guía or lazarillo guide dog;
perro pastor sheepdog;
perrito caliente (Coc) hot dog;
perrito faldero lapdog;
perro policía German shepherd, Alsatian (BrE);
perro rastreador ( para seguir una huella) tracker dog;

( para buscar drogas) sniffer dog;
◊ perro salchicha dachshund, sausage dog (colloq);

de perros (fam) foul;
hace un tiempo de perros the weather's foul o horrible;
está de un humor de perros he's in a foul mood;
llevarse como (el) perro y (el) gato to fight like cats and dogs (AmE) o (BrE) cat and dog
■ adjetivo (fam)
a) ‹vida/suerte› rotten (colloq), lousy (colloq)

b) ‹ persona› nasty

perro,-a
I sustantivo masculino y femenino dog
perro callejero, stray dog
perro de compañía, pet dog
perro guía, guide dog
perro faldero, (animal) lapdog
(persona) flatterer
II adjetivo
1 (una persona) swine
2 (una vida, etc) wretched
♦ Locuciones: atar los perros con longaniza, to have money to burn
llevarse como el perro y el gato, to fight like cat and dog
tiempo de perros, awful weather
' perro' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
A
- abandonada
- abandonado
- acariciar
- alerta
- ama
- amo
- caca
- cachorra
- cachorro
- callejera
- callejero
- caseta
- colear
- comer
- correa
- crespa
- crespo
- cruzarse
- cuidada
- cuidado
- dálmata
- danés
- danesa
- despegarse
- diente
- encerrar
- extranjis
- fiel
- guardián
- guardiana
- guía
- interdependencia
- lazarillo
- mano
- mimosa
- mimoso
- moribunda
- moribundo
- pastor
- pastora
- pecado
- pequinés
- pequinesa
- perdida
- perdido
- perra
- rastreador
- rastreadora
- raza
English:
A
- abandoned
- alarm
- Alsatian
- asleep
- back off
- bark
- bay
- beg
- beware
- big
- boxer
- chase away
- chew up
- collar
- dachshund
- Dalmatian
- destroy
- dislodge
- dog
- dog collar
- doghouse
- drench
- exercise
- exhaustion
- ferocious
- for
- gone
- growl
- guard dog
- guide dog
- hound
- howl
- husky
- lead
- let in
- loose
- manger
- mangy
- mess
- mistreat
- mongrel
- muzzle
- neuter
- nowhere
- of
- own
- pat
- pet
- pointer

* * *

perro, -a

♦ adj
Fam
1. [asqueroso, desgraciado] lousy;

¡qué vida más perra! life's a bitch!;

llevan una vida muy perra they have a lousy life;

Comp
RP Fam
en la perra vida: en la perra vida le dije eso I never said that to him

2. [perezoso] bone idle;

¡mira que eres perro! you lazy so-and-so!

♦ nm

1. [animal] dog;

comida para perros dog food;

la caseta del perro the dog kennel;

¡cuidado con el perro! [en letrero] beware of the dog;

sacar a pasear al perro to walk the dog, to take the dog for a walk;

Comp

allí no atan los perros con longaniza the streets there aren't paved with gold;

Comp

andar o [m5] llevarse como el perro y el gato to fight like cat(s) and dog(s);

Comp
Fam
de perros [tiempo, humor] lousy;

hace un día de perros the weather's foul today, it's lousy weather today;

Comp
RP Fam
estar como perro en cancha de bochas to be completely lost;

Comp
Fam
echarle los perros a alguien [reprender] to have a go at sb;

Comp

ser como el perro del hortelano (que ni come ni deja comer al amo) to be a dog in the manger;

Comp
RP Fam
está meado por los perros he's jinxed;

Comp

el mismo perro con distinto collar: el nuevo régimen no es más que el mismo perro con distinto collar the new regime may have a different name but nothing has really changed;

Comp
Fam
¡a otro perro con ese hueso! Br pull the other one!, US tell it to the marines!;

Comp

tratar a alguien como a un perro to treat sb like a dog;

Comp

ser perro viejo to be an old hand;

Prov

muerto el perro, se acabó la rabia it's best to deal with problems at their source;

Prov

a perro flaco todo son pulgas the worse off you are, the more bad things seem to happen to you;

Prov

perro ladrador, poco mordedor, RP [m5] perro que ladra no muerde his/her bark is worse than his/her bite

Comp
perro callejero stray (dog);
perro de caza hunting dog;

perro cobrador retriever;

perro de compañía pet dog;

perro esquimal husky;

perro faldero [perrito] lapdog;
Fig [persona] lackey;
perro guardián guard dog, watchdog;

perro de lanas poodle;

perro lazarillo Br guide dog, US Seeing-Eye© dog;

perro lobo Alsatian, German shepherd;
RP perro ovejero sheepdog;
perro pastor sheepdog;

perro policía police dog;

perro de las praderas [roedor] prairie dog;

perro rastreador tracker dog;

perro de raza pedigree dog;

perro salchicha sausage dog;

perro de Terranova Newfoundland;

perro vagabundo stray dog

2. Fam [persona] swine, dog

3. Chile [pinza] Br clothes peg, US clothes pin

* * *

perro

m dog;

hace un tiempo de perros fam the weather is lousy fam ;

llevarse como el perro y el gato fig fight like cat and dog;

a otro perro con ese hueso fig fam tell that to the marines! fam, Br

pull the other one (it’s got bells on)! fam ;

perro ladrador poco mordedor his bark is worse than his bite

* * *

perro, - rra n

1) : dog, bitch f

2)

perro caliente : hot dog

3)

perro salchicha : dachsund

4)

perro faldero : lapdog

5)

perro cobrador : retriever

* * *

perro n dog

de perros awful

llevarse como perro y gato to fight like cat and dog

perro guardián guard dog

perro lazarillo guide dog

perro pastor sheepdog

Spanish-English dictionary > perro
5 нося

1. (в ръце, чанта, ни гръб) carry

(донасям) bring

(отнасям) take

(имам у себе си) have with/on/about one

(за река вятър) carry, bear, drift

(име, следи, признаци) bear

(в утробата си) carry

(в сърцето си) bear

нося оръжие carry arms

нося пушка/куфар carry a gun/suitcase

нося си парите в джоба carry o.'s money in o.'s pocket

не нося пари със себе си I have no money on/with me

нося документите си have o.'s documents with one

нося името си от take o.'s name from

нося дете на ръце carry a child in o.'s arms

вълните носят лодката към скалите the waves are driving/drifting the boat towards the rocks

какво те носи насам? what brings you here? what wind blows you here?

нося ви приятно известие I'm bringing you good news

нося следи от bear the mark/traces of

краката му едва го носят he can hardly stand on his feet

носи ти се славата everybody's talking about you, your name's on everybody's lips

нося печата на carry/bear the seal of

оставих се да бъда носен от течението I let myself drift with the current

2. (докарвам, причинявам) bring

това носи щастие this brings luck

данъкът носи хубав доход the tax yields a handsome revenue

3. (издържам-тежест) bear, support, sustain

тези колони носят тежестта на свода these pillars bear the weight of the arch

4. (понасям, издържам) bear

той носи he has a broad back

нося пиене carry o.'s liquor well

той носи много, главата му носи много he can stand a lot

той носи майтап he can take a joke

5. (дреха и пр..) wear, ( в даден случай) have on

(номер обувки и пр.) take

нося пръстен wear a ring

нося очила wear spectacles

нося дълга коса wear o.'s hair long

нося брада wear a beard

той не носи шапка (обикновено) he does not wear a hat

той носеше сламена шапка he had a straw hat on

има още много да носиш това палто there's plenty of wear in this coat

6. (снасям) lay

тези кокошки носят много яйца these hens are good layers

нося отговорност bear a/the responsibility, he responsible; bear the blame

нося наказание bear/carry a penalty

нося смъртно наказание carry a death penalty

нося караулна служба поен. perform sentinel duties, stand guard/sentinel, be on guard/duty

носи кир doesn't stain easily, doesn't show the dirt

материя, която носи кир a hard surface material/fabric

нося някого на ръце wait on s.o. (hand and foot)

носи им много здраве remember me/us to them

носи ме feel dizzy, o.'s head swims

нося ce

7. (ходя, движа се безцелно) drift about/along

(движа се стремглаво) rush (along), scud (along)

(едва докосвам повърхността) skim

(за дим, облаци) float, drift

(летя) fly

(no вода, въздух) navigate

корабът се носи по вълните the ship rides (on) the waves, the ship glides swiftly over the waves

птицата се носи по вятъра the bird rides on the wind

нося се по течението (и прен.) go with the tide

чайки се носеха над вълните sea-gulls skimmed (over the waves)

скиорът се носеше по снега the skier skimmed over the snow

конникът се носеше над полето the rider galloped across the fields

ята птици се носят над морето flocks of birds are flying over the sea

във въздуха се носеха снежинки snowflakes floated in the air

лед се носеше по реката ice floated/drifted along the river

песента се носеше из нивята the song floated over the fields

облаци се носеха над планината clouds were floating above the mountain

носи се слух, че it is rumoured that, a rumour is afloat that

носи се миризма/звук a smell/sound

* * *

но̀ся,

гл., мин. св. деят. прич. но̀сил 1. (в ръце, чанта, на гръб) carry; ( донасям) bring; ( отнасям) take; ( имам у себе си) have with/on/about one; (за река, вятър) carry, bear, drift; ( име, следи, признаци) bear; (в утробата си) carry; мед. gestate; (в сърцето си) bear; ( оръжие) амер., разг. tote; какво те носи насам? what brings you here? what wind blows you here? краката му едва го носят he can hardly stand on his feet; не \нося пари със себе си I have no money on/with me; носена топка спорт. held ball; носи ти се славата everybody’s talking about you, your name’s on everybody’s lips; \нося дете на гръб ride a child on o.’s back; \нося печата на carry/bear the seal of; \нося следи от bear the mark/traces of; остави се да бъде носен от течението he let himself drift with the current;

2. ( докарвам, причинявам) bring; данъкът носи голям доход the tax yields a handsome revenue;

3. ( издържам тежест) bear, support, sustain; тези колони носят тежестта на свода these pillars bear the weight of the arch;

4. ( понасям, издържам) bear; \нося пиене carry o.’s liquor well; той носи he has a broad back; той носи майтап he can take a joke; sl. he can stand the gaff; той носи много, главата му носи много he can stand a lot;

5. ( дреха и пр.) wear, (в даден случай) have on; ( номер обувки и пр.) take; има още много да носиш това сако there’s plenty of wear in this jacket; \нося брада wear a beard; \нося дълга коса wear o.’s hair long; \нося очила wear spectacles; \нося пръстен wear a ring;

6. ( снасям) lay; тези кокошки носят много яйца these hens are good layers;

\нося ce 1. ( ходя, движа се безцелно) drift about/along; ( движа се стремглаво) rush (along), scud (along); ( движа се плавно) glide; ( едва докосвам повърхността) skim; (за облаци) sail; (за дим, облаци) float, drift; ( летя) fly; (по вода, въздух) navigate; във въздуха се носеха снежинки snowflakes floated in the air; конникът се носеше над полето the rider galloped across the fields; корабът се носи по вълните the ship rides (on) the waves, the ship glides swiftly over the waves; лед се носеше по реката ice floated/drifted along the river; носи се слух, че it is rumoured that; rumours are flying about/around that; \нося се по течението (и прен.) go with the tide; птицата се носи по вятъра the bird rides on the wind; скиорът се носеше по снега the skier skimmed over the snow; чайки се носеха над вълните sea-gulls skimmed (over the waves);

2. (за дреха) be worn; има още много да се носи (ще трае) there is plenty of wear in it; това сега много се носи this is now in general wear;

3. ( обличам се): \нося се добре dress well, be always well turned out, be particular about o.’s clothes; • носи им много здраве remember me/us to them; \нося караулна служба воен. perform sentinel duties, stand guard/sentinel, be on guard/duty; \нося някого на ръце wait on s.o. (hand and foot); \нося отговорност bear a/the responsibility, be responsible; bear the blame.

* * *

bear; carry: I нося a child in my arms. - Нося дете в ръцете си.; deposit; waft (за вятър, вълни); yield

* * *
1. (no вода, въздух) navigate 2. (в ръце, чанта, ни гръб) carry 3. (в сърцето си) bear 4. (в утробата си) carry 5. (движа се стремглаво) rush (along), scud (along) 6. (докарвам, причинявам) bring 7. (донасям) bring 8. (дреха и пр..) wear, (в даден случай) have on 9. (едва докосвам повърхността) skim 10. (за дим, облаци) float, drift 11. (за река 12. (издържам - тежест) bear, support, sustain 13. (имам у себе си) have with/on/about one 14. (име, следи, признаци) bear 15. (летя) fly 16. (номер обувки и пр.) take 17. (отнасям) take 18. (понасям, издържам) bear 19. (снасям) lay 20. (ходя, движа се безцелно) drift about/along 21. НОСЯ ce 22. НОСЯ брада wear a beard 23. НОСЯ ви приятно известие I'm bringing you good news 24. НОСЯ дете на ръце carry a child in o.'s arms 25. НОСЯ документите си have o.'s documents with one 26. НОСЯ дълга коса wear o.'s hair long 27. НОСЯ името си от take o.'s name from 28. НОСЯ караулна служба поен. perform sentinel duties, stand guard/sentinel, be on guard/duty 29. НОСЯ наказание bear/carry a penalty 30. НОСЯ някого на ръце wait on s.o. (hand and foot) 31. НОСЯ оръжие carry arms 32. НОСЯ отговорност bear a/the responsibility, he responsible;bear the blame 33. НОСЯ очила wear spectacles 34. НОСЯ печата на carry/bear the seal of 35. НОСЯ пиене carry o.'s liquor well 36. НОСЯ пръстен wear a ring 37. НОСЯ пушка/куфар carry a gun/suitcase 38. НОСЯ сe по течението (и прен.) go with the tide 39. НОСЯ си парите в джоба carry o.'s money in o.'s pocket 40. НОСЯ следи от bear the mark/traces of 41. НОСЯ смъртно наказание carry a death penalty 42. във въздуха се носеха снежинки snowflakes floated in the air 43. вълните НОСЯт лодката към скалите the waves are driving/drifting the boat towards the rocks 44. вятър) carry, bear, drift 45. данъкът носи хубав доход the tax yields a handsome revenue 46. има още много да носиш това палто there's plenty of wear in this coat 47. какво те носи насам? what brings you here?what wind blows you here? 48. конникът се носеше над полето the rider galloped across the fields 49. корабът се носи по вълните the ship rides (on) the waves, the ship glides swiftly over the waves 50. краката му едва го НОСЯт he can hardly stand on his feet 51. лед се носеше по реката ice floated/drifted along the river 52. материя, която носи кир а hard surface material/fabric 53. не НОСЯ пари със себе си I have no money on/with me 54. носи им много здраве remember me/us to them 55. носи кир doesn't stain easily, doesn't show the dirt 56. носи ме feel dizzy, o.'s head swims 57. носи се миризма/звук a smell/sound 58. носи се слух, че it is rumoured that, a rumour is afloat that 59. носи ти се славата everybody's talking about you, your name's on everybody's lips 60. облаци се носеха над планината clouds were floating above the mountain 61. оставих се да бъда носен от течението I let myself drift with the current 62. песента се носеше из нивята the song floated over the fields 63. птицата се носи по вятъра the bird rides on the wind 64. скиорът се носеше по снега the skier skimmed over the snow 65. тези кокошки НОСЯт много яйца these hens are good layers 66. тези колони НОСЯт тежестта на свода these pillars bear the weight of the arch 67. това носи щастие this brings luck 68. той не носи шапка (обикновено) he does not wear a hat 69. той носеше сламена шапка he had a straw hat on 70. той носи he has a broad back 71. той носи майтап he can take a joke 72. той носи много, главата му носи много he can stand a lot 73. чайки се носеха над вълните sea-gulls skimmed (over the waves) 74. ята птици се НОСЯт над морето flocks of birds are flying over the sea

Български-английски речник > нося
6 chien

chien [∫jɛ̃]

1. masculine noun

a. ( = animal) dog

• « (attention) chien méchant » "beware of the dog"

b. (locutions) en chien de fusil curled up

• quel chien de temps ! what foul weather!

• c'est une vie de chien ! (inf) it's a dog's life!

• comme un chien [mourir, traiter] like a dog

• elle a du chien (inf) she's striking

• c'est pas fait pour les chiens ! (inf) it's there to be used

• s'entendre comme chien et chat to fight all the time

• ils se sont regardés en chiens de faïence they just glared at each other

• arriver comme un chien dans un jeu de quilles to turn up when least wanted

• les chiens écrasés (inf) human interest stories

• entre chien et loup at dusk

2. invariable adjective

( = avare) mean

3. compounds

► chien d'arrêt pointer

► chien d'aveugle guide dog

► chien de berger sheepdog

► chien de chasse gun dog

► chien chaud (humorous) hot dog

► chien de garde guard dog

► chien policier police dog

► chien de race pedigree dog

► chien savant performing dog

► chien de traîneau husky

* * *

1.

chienne ʃjɛ̃, ʃjɛn (colloq) adjectif bloody-minded GB, nasty

chien de temps — wretched weather

ma chienne de vie — my wretched life

2.

nom masculin

1) ( animal) dog

chien à poil ras/long — short-/long-haired dog

‘chien méchant’ — ‘beware of the dog’

2) ( fusil) hammer

3) Nautisme

coup de chien — fresh gale

3.

de chien (colloq) locution adjective [métier, temps] rotten

vie de chien — dog's life

avoir un caractère de chien — to have a lousy (colloq) character

être d'une humeur de chien — to be in a foul mood

ça me fait un mal de chien — it hurts like hell (colloq)

avoir un mal de chien à faire — to have an awful time doing

Phrasal Verbs:

- chien d'arrêt

- chien d'aveugle

- chien de berger

- chien de chasse

- chien de garde

- chien de mer

- chien policier

- chien de race

- chiens écrasés

- chien de traîneau

••

traiter quelqu'un comme un chien — to treat somebody like a dog ou like dirt

être couché en chien de fusil — to be curled up

entre chien et loup — at dusk

elle a du chien — she's got what it takes

avoir un air de chien battu — to have a hangdog look

ce n'est pas fait pour les chiens — (colloq) it's there to be used

garder à quelqu'un un chien de sa chienne — to bear a grudge against somebody

* * *
ʃjɛ̃ nm
1) (= animal) dog

"attention, chien méchant" — "beware of the dog"

temps de chien — rotten weather

vie de chien — dog's life

couché en chien de fusil — curled up

2) [pistolet] hammer

* * *

chien, chienne

A ○adj bloody-minded GB, nasty; il est un peu chien he's rather bloody-minded GB ou nasty; chien de temps wretched weather; ma chienne de vie my wretched life; ne pas être chien not to be too hard.

B nm

1 ( animal) dog; chien enragé rabid dog; chien à poil ras/long short-/long-haired dog; ‘chien méchant’ ‘beware of the dog’; ⇒ caravane, faïence, quille, rage, saucisse;

2 ( de fusil) hammer;

3 Naut coup de chien fresh gale.

C ○ de chien loc adj [métier, temps] rotten; vie de chien dog's life; avoir un caractère de chien to have a lousy○ character; être d'une humeur de chien to be in a foul mood; ça me fait un mal de chien it hurts like hell○.

D chienne nf

1 ( animal) bitch; c'est une chienne it's a bitch; il promène sa chienne he's walking his dog;

2 ◑( femme) bitch◑.

Composés

chien d'arrêt pointer; chien d'aveugle guide dog; chien de berger sheepdog; chien de chasse retriever, gundog; chien courant hound; chien esquimau husky; chien fou fig wild one; chien de garde lit guard dog; fig watchdog; chien de mer dogfish; chien policier police dog; chien de prairie prairie dog ou marmot; chien de race pedigree dog; chien savant performing dog; fig poodle; chiens écrasés Presse fillers; la rubrique des chiens écrasés○ column made up of filler items; chien de traîneau sled dog.

Idiomes

traiter qn comme un chien to treat sb like a dog ou like dirt; ne pas donner sa part au chien not to be backward in coming forward; être comme chien et chat to be always at each other's throats; être couché en chien de fusil to be curled up; entre chien et loup at dusk; elle a du chien she's got what it takes; avoir un air de chien battu to have a hangdog look; ce n'est pas fait pour les chiens○ it's there to be used; garder à qn un chien de sa chienne to bear a grudge against sb; merci mon chien○ iron and thank you too; c'est un temps à ne pas mettre un chien dehors it's foul weather.

, chienne [ʃjɛ̃, ʃjɛn] nom masculin, nom féminin

1. ZOOLOGIE dog ( feminine bitch)

chien d'arrêt ou couchant pointer

chien d'appartement lapdog

chien d'aveugle guide dog

chien de berger sheepdog

chien de chasse retriever

chien courant hound

chien errant stray dog

chien de garde

a. (sens propre) guard dog

b. (figuré) watchdog

chien de meute hound

chien policier police dog

chien de race pedigree dog

chien de traîneau husky

chien méchant ‘beware of the dog’

un regard de chien battu a hangdog expression

(rubrique des) chiens écrasés minor news items

se regarder en chiens de faïence to stare at one another

ils sont comme chien et chat they fight like cat and dog

comme un chien savant (péjoratif) like a trained monkey

arriver comme un chien dans un jeu de quilles to turn up at just the wrong moment

ce n'est pas fait pour les chiens (péjoratif) it is there for a good reason

merci mon chien! (familier & humoristique) I never heard you say thank you!

je lui réserve ou garde un chien de ma chienne I've got something up my sleeve for him that he's not going to like one bit

chienne de vie! (familier) life's a bitch!

bon chien chasse de race (proverbe) good breeding always tells

il menace beaucoup, mais chien qui aboie ne mord pas (proverbe) his bark is worse than his bite

les chiens aboient, la caravane passe (proverbe) let the world say what it will

2. (très familier) [terme d'insulte] bastard (très familier) masculin, bitch (très familier) féminin

chien nom masculin

1. (familier & locution)

avoir du chien: elle a du chien she's got sex-appeal

2. ASTRONOMIE

le Grand/Petit Chien the Great/Little Dog

3. ARMEMENT hammer, cock

4. ZOOLOGIE

chien de mer dogfish

————————

chiens nom masculin pluriel

(long) fringe

————————

à la chien locution adverbiale

[coiffé] with a long fringe

de chien locution adjectivale

(familier) [caractère, temps] lousy, rotten

avoir un mal de chien à faire quelque chose to find it terribly difficult to do something

en chien de fusil locution adverbiale

curled up

Dictionnaire Français-Anglais > chien
7 пыленепроницаемый кожух

1) Construction: dustproof enclosure

2) Oilfield: dirt-tight case

3) Automation: dust guard

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > пыленепроницаемый кожух
8 ВПП

ВПП сущ
1. air strip
2. flight strip асфальтовое покрытие ВПП
asphaltic runway surface
аэродром с перекрещивающимися ВПП
X-type aerodrome
базовая длина ВПП
basic runway length
бетонная ВПП
concrete runway
бетонное покрытие ВПП
concrete runway surface
боковая кромка ВПП
runway edge
боковая полоса безопасности ВПП
runway shoulder
боковые огни ВПП
side row lights
видимость на ВПП
runway visibility
влажная ВПП
1. precipitation-covered runway
(после выпадения атмосферных осадков) 2. wet runway 3. wet runway status 4. damp runway восходящий уклон ВПП
upward slope
ВПП для эксплуатации любых типов воздушных судов
all-service runway
ВПП занята
the runway is not clear
ВПП, не оборудованная для посадки по приборам
noninstrument runway
ВПП, не оборудованная для точного захода на посадку
nonprecision approach runway
ВПП, не соответствующая заданию на полет
wrong runway
ВПП, оборудованная для посадки по приборам
instrument runway
ВПП, оборудованная для точного захода на посадку
precision approach runway
ВПП, открытая только для взлетов
takeoff runway
ВПП, открытая только для посадок
landing runway
ВПП свободна
the runway is clear
ВПП с гладкой поверхностью
smooth runway
ВПП с дерновым покрытием
sodded runway
ВПП с жестким покрытием
rigid pavement runway
ВПП с искусственным покрытием
paved runway
ВПП с мягким покрытием
soft-surface runway
ВПП с низким коэффициентом сцепления
slippery runway
ВПП с поперечным уклоном
cross-sloped runway
ВПП с твердым покрытием
hard-surface runway
ВПП с травяным покрытием
1. grass strip
2. turf runway время нахождения на ВПП
run-down occupancy time
входные огни ВПП
1. approach threshold lights
2. runway threshold lights выкатываться за пределы ВПП
1. overrun the runway
2. run off the runway выпуклая ВПП
humped runway
выравнивание при входе в створ ВПП
runway alignment
высота пролета порога ВПП
threshold crossing height
выступающий торец порога ВПП
exposed threshold lip
гладкость поверхности ВПП
runway surface evenness
грунтовая ВПП
1. earth air strip
2. unpaved runway грунтовое покрытие ВПП
dirt runway surface
дальность видимости на ВПП
1. runway visual range
2. runway visual length датчик состояния поверхности ВПП
runway surface condition sensor
действия в момент касания ВПП
touchdown operations
действующая ВПП
1. duty runway
2. runway-in-use длина ВПП
runway length
допустимый запас высоты от колес до порога ВПП
threshold wheel clearance
дренажный слой ВПП
runway wearing course
загрязненная ВПП
contaminate runway
закрытая для полетов ВПП
idle runway
закрытая для эксплуатации ВПП
closed runway
залитая водой ВПП
1. water-covered runway
2. flooded runway запасная ВПП
secondary runway
заполнитель швов покрытия ВПП
runway jointing sealant
зона перед порогом ВПП
undershoot area
зона подхода к ВПП
approach zone
индикация ВПП
runway presentation
категория ВПП
runway category
комплект светотехнического оборудования ВПП
runway lighting unit
концевая зона безопасности ВПП
runway end safety area
концевая часть ВПП
runway extremity
коэффициент использования ВПП
runway usability factor
линия при сходе с ВПП
turnoff curve
максимально допустимая скорость прохождения порога ВПП
maximum threshold speed
маркер кромки ВПП
runway edge marker
маркировка боковой полосы ВПП
side strip marking
маркировка ВПП
runway marking
маркировка границ ВПП
runway edge marking
маркировка зоны перед порогом ВПП
prethreshold marking
маркировка осевой линии ВПП
runway centerline marking
маркировка покрытия ВПП
runway surface marking
маркировка порога ВПП
runway threshold marking
машина для очистки ВПП
runway sweeper
минимально допустимая скорость прохождения порога ВПП
minimum threshold speed
наблюдение за дальностью видимости на ВПП
runway visual range observation
наиболее благоприятное направление ВПП
favourable runway orientation
направление ВПП
1. runway heading
2. runway orientation направление расположения ВПП
runway direction
начало ВПП
end of runway
недолет до торца ВПП
undershoot
нивелирование ВПП
grading of runway
нисходящий уклон ВПП
downward slope
нулевой уклон ВПП
zero runway slope
обзорный радиолокатор подхода к ВПП
runway approach surveillance radar
обледеневшая ВПП
ice-bound runway
обозначать границы ВПП
delimit the runway
обработка поверхности ВПП
runway surface treatment
огни ВПП высокой интенсивности
high intensity runway lights
огни зоны приземления на ВПП
runway touchdown lights
огни концевой зоны безопасности ВПП
runway end safety area lights
огни ограждения ВПП
runway guard lights
огни осевой линии ВПП
runway centerline lights
огни подхода к ВПП
runway lead-in lights
ограничительные огни ВПП
runway end lights
одновременная эксплуатация нескольких ВПП
simultaneous use of runways
опознавательные огни ВПП
runway identifier lights
опознавательные огни торца ВПП
runway end identifier lights
опознавательный знак ВПП
runway designation marking
ориентировка ВПП по магнитному меридиану
magnetic orientation of runway
освобождать ВПП
1. leave the runway
2. clear the runway осевая линия ВПП
runway centerline
основание ВПП
runway drainage course
основная ВПП
1. primary runway
2. main runway основная действующая ВПП
regular runway
ось ВПП
runway center line
открытая для полетов ВПП
operational runway
очерчивать границы ВПП
delineate the runway
очистительная машина для ВПП
runway cleaner
передвижной диспетчерский пункт в районе ВПП
runway control van
перед касанием ВПП
prior to touchdown
передняя кромка ВПП
runway leading edge
перекрещивающиеся ВПП
X-runways
пересечение ВПП
runway intersection
пограничный маяк ВПП
runway boundary beacon
подготовленная для полетов ВПП
maintained runway
подушка ВПП
runway subgrade
покатая ВПП
downhill runway
покрывать ВПП пеной
foam a runway
покрытая снегом ВПП
snow-covered runway
покрытие ВПП
runway surface
покрытие ВПП из гравия
gravel runway surface
пологий уклон ВПП
flatter slope
поперечный уклон ВПП
transverse slope
пористое покрытие ВПП
porous runway surface
посадка с повторным ударом после касания ВПП
rebound landing
посадочные огни ВПП
runway edge lights
посадочный прожектор ВПП
runway floodlight
превышение ВПП
runway elevation
превышение порога ВПП
threshold elevation
предпочтительная по уровню шума ВПП
noise preferential runway
прибор для замера ВПП
Mu-meter
продольный уклон ВПП
longitudinal slope
пролет над ВПП
1. passing over the runway
2. overflying the runway пропускная способность ВПП
1. runway acceptance rate
2. runway capacity профиль ВПП
runway profile
рабочая часть ВПП
runway usable distance
располагаемая длина ВПП
available runway length
рифленое покрытие ВПП
grooved runway surface
ровное покрытие ВПП
smooth runway surface
рулежная дорожка у торца ВПП
runway access taxiway
сбор за пользование ВПП
runway user charge
световой сигнал готовности ВПП
runway clearance light
светосигнальная система ВПП
runway lighting system
светосигнальное оборудование ВПП
runway lighting
сигнальные огни входа в створ ВПП
runway alignment indicator lights
система классификации ВПП
runway classification system
система огней подхода к ВПП
runway lead-in lighting system
скорость прохождения порога ВПП
threshold speed
скорость схода с ВПП
turnoff speed
скрытое препятствие в районе ВПП
runway hidden hazard
смещенный порог ВПП
displaced runway threshold
событие до момента касания ВПП
occurrence to touchdown
состояние готовности ВПП к полетам
clear runway status
средний уклон ВПП
average slope
сухая ВПП
1. dry runway
2. dry runway status схема расположения ВПП
runway pattern
сходить с ВПП
turn off
сцепление колес с поверхностью ВПП
runway surface friction
торможение на мокрой ВПП
wet braking acquisition
тормозное устройство на ВПП
runway arresting gear
травяное покрытие ВПП
grass runway surface
удельное давление на поверхность ВПП
footprint pressure
удлинение ВПП
runway extension
указатель входа в створ ВПП
runway alignment indicator
указатель пересечения рулежной дорожки и ВПП
1. taxiway intersection sign
2. runway intersection sign указатель скорости снижения на ВПП
rising runway indicator
уклон ВПП
1. slope on runway
2. runway slope 3. runway gradient уровень ВПП
runway level
уровень положения глаз над порогом ВПП
eye height over the threshold
уровень превышения порога ВПП
threshold level
условия в районе ВПП
runway environment
условный код ВПП
runway pattern symbol
устанавливать воздушное судно по оси ВПП
align the aircraft with the runway
утопленный огонь на поверхности ВПП
runway flush light
участок ВПП
portion of a runway
участок разворота на ВПП
runway turning bay
характеристика ВПП
runway performance
характеристика сцепления поверхности ВПП
runway friction characteristic
цементно-щебеночное покрытие ВПП
macadam runway surface
частная ВПП
private air strip
четко видеть ВПП
have the runway in sight
ширина ВПП
runway width
щебеночное покрытие ВПП
crushed stone runway surface

Русско-английский авиационный словарь > ВПП
9 ἀπό

ἀπό (Hom.+) prep. w. gen. (see the lit. on ἀνά, beg., also for ἀπό: KDieterich, IndogF 24, 1909, 93–158; LfgrE s.v.). Basic sense ‘separation from’ someone or someth., fr. which the other uses have developed. In the NT it has encroached on the domain of Att. ἐκ, ὑπό, παρά, and the gen. of separation; s. Mlt. 102; 246; Mlt-Turner 258f.

① a marker to indicate separation from a place, whether person or thing, from, away from

ⓐ w. all verbs denoting motion, esp. those compounded w. ἀπό: ἀπάγεσθαι, ἀπαλλάσσεσθαι, ἀπελαύνειν, ἀπέρχεσθαι, ἀπολύεσθαι, ἀποπλανᾶσθαι, ἀποστέλλειν, ἀποφεύγειν, ἀποχωρεῖν, ἀποχωρίζεσθαι; but also w. ἀνίστασθαι, διαστῆναι, διέρχεσθαι, ἐκδημεῖν, ἐκκινεῖν, ἐκπλεῖν, ἐκπορεύεσθαι, ἐξέρχεσθαι, ἐξωθεῖν, ἐπιδιδόναι, μεταβαίνειν, μετατίθεσθαι, νοσφίζειν, παραγίνεσθαι, πλανᾶσθαι, πορεύεσθαι, ὑπάγειν, ὑποστρέφειν, φεύγειν; s. the entries in question.

ⓑ w. all verbs expressing the idea of separation ἐκβάλλειν τὸ κάρφος ἀ. τοῦ ὀφθαλμοῦ remove the splinter fr. the eye Mt 7:4 v.l. (for ἐκ). ἐξέβαλον ἀπὸ τῆς πήρας αὐτῶν δῶρα they set forth gifts out of their travel bags GJs 21:3. ἀπολύεσθαι ἀ. ἀνδρός be divorced fr. her husband Lk 16:18, cp. Ac 15:33. ἀποκυλίειν, ἀπολαμβάνεσθαι, ἀποστρέφειν, ἐπιστρέφεσθαι, ἐπανάγειν, αἴρειν, ἀφαιρεῖν, ἀπολέσθαι, μερίζειν et al., s. the pertinent entries. So also κενὸς ἀ. τινος Hs 9, 19, 2. ἔρημος ἀ. τινος (Jer 51:2) 2 Cl 2:3. W. verbs which express the concept of separation in the wider sense, like loose, free, acquit et al. ἀπορφανίζειν, ἀποσπᾶν, διεγείρεσθαι, δικαιοῦν, ἐκδικοῦν, ἐλευθεροῦν, λούειν, λύειν, λυτροῦν, ῥαντίζειν, σαλεύειν, στέλλειν, σῴζειν, φθείρειν, s. the entries; hence also ἀθῷος (Sus 46 Theod. v.l.) Mt 27:24. καθαρὸς ἀ. τινος (Tob 3:14; but s. Dssm. NB 24 [BS 196; 216]) Ac 20:26; cp. Kuhring 54.

ⓒ verbs meaning be on guard, be ashamed, etc., take ἀπό to express the occasion or object of their caution, shame, or fear; so αἰσχύνεσθαι, βλέπειν, μετανοεῖν, προσέχειν, φοβεῖσθαι, φυλάσσειν, φυλάσσεσθαι; s. 5 below.

ⓓ w. verbs of concealing, hiding, hindering, the pers. from whom someth. is concealed is found w. ἀπό; so κρύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, παρακαλύπτειν τι ἀπό τινος, κωλύειν τι ἀπό τινος; s. the entries.

ⓔ in pregnant constr. like ἀνάθεμα εἶναι ἀ. τοῦ Χριστοῦ be separated fr. Christ by a curse Ro 9:3. μετανοεῖν ἀ. τ. κακίας (Jer 8:6) Ac 8:22. ἀποθνῄσκειν ἀ. τινος through death become free from Col 2:20. φθείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. ἁπλότητος be ruinously diverted from wholehearted commitment 2 Cor 11:3. Cp. Hs 6, 2, 4.

ⓕ as a substitute for the partitive gen. (Hdt. 6, 27, 2; Thu. 7, 87, 6; PPetr III, 11, 20; PIand 8, 6; Kuhring 20; Rossberg 22; Johannessohn, Präp. 17) τίνα ἀ. τῶν δύο; Mt 27:21, cp. Lk 9:38; 19:39 (like PTebt 299, 13; 1 Macc 1:13; 3:24; Sir 6:6; 46:8). τὰ ἀ. τοῦ πλοίου pieces of the ship Ac 27:44. ἐκχεῶ ἀ. τοῦ πνεύματός μου Ac 2:17f (Jo 3:1f). λαμβάνειν ἀ. τ. καρπῶν get a share of the vintage Mk 12:2 (cp. Just., A I, 65, 5 μεταλαβεῖν ἀπὸ τοῦ … ἄρτου).—Of foods (as in Da 1:13, 4:33a; 2 Macc 7:1) ἐσθίειν ἀ. τ. ψιχίων eat some of the crumbs Mt 15:27; Mk 7:28. χορτάζεσθαι ἀ. τινος eat one’s fill of someth. Lk 16:21. αἴρειν ἀ. τῶν ἰχθύων pick up the remnants of the fish Mk 6:43. ἐνέγκατε ἀ. τ. ὀψαρίων bring some of the fish J 21:10 (the only instance of this usage in J; s. M-EBoismard, Le chapitre 21 de Saint Jean: RB 54 [’47] 492).—Of drink (cp. Sir 26:12) πίνειν ἀπὸ τ. γενήματος τῆς ἀμπέλου drink the product of the vine Lk 22:18.

② to indicate the point from which someth. begins, whether lit. or fig.

ⓐ of place from, out from (Just., D. 86, 1 ἀπὸ τῆς πέτρας ὕδωρ ἀναβλύσαν ‘gushing out of the rock’) σημεῖον ἀ. τ. οὐρανοῦ a sign fr. heaven Mk 8:11. ἀ. πόλεως εἰς πόλιν from one city to another Mt 23:34. ἀπʼ ἄκρων οὐρανῶν ἕως ἄκρων αὐτῶν (Dt 30:4; Ps 18:7) from one end of heaven to the other 24:31, cp. Mk 13:27. ἀπʼ ἄνωθεν ἕως κάτω from top to bottom Mt 27:51. ἀρξάμενοι ἀ. Ἰερουσαλήμ beginning in Jerusalem Lk 24:47 (s. also Lk 23:5; Ac 1:22; 10:37). ἀφʼ ὑμῶν ἐξήχηται ὁ λόγος τ. κυρίου the word of the Lord has gone out from you and sounded forth 1 Th 1:8. ἀπὸ βορρᾶ, ἀπὸ νότου in the north, in the south (PCairGoodsp 6, 5 [129 B.C.] ἐν τῷ ἀπὸ νότου πεδίῳ; Mitt-Wilck. I/2, 11A col. 1, 12f [123 B.C.] τὸ ἀπὸ νότου τῆς πόλεως χῶμα; ln. 7 ἀπὸ βορρᾶ τῆς πόλεως; 70, 16 al.; Josh 18:5; 19:34; 1 Km 14:5) Rv 21:13.

ⓑ of time from … (on), since (POxy 523, 4; Mel., HE 4, 26, 8; s. Kuhring 54ff).

α. ἀ. τῶν ἡμερῶν Ἰωάννου from the days of John Mt 11:12. ἀ. τῆς ὥρας ἐκείνης 9:22. ἀπʼ ἐκείνης τ. ἡμέρας (Jos., Bell. 4, 318, Ant. 7, 382) Mt 22:46; J 11:53. ἔτη ἑπτὰ ἀ. τῆς παρθενίας αὐτῆς for seven years fr. the time she was a virgin Lk 2:36. ἀ. ἐτῶν δώδεκα for 12 years 8:43. ἀ. τρίτης ὥρας τῆς νυκτός Ac 23:23. ἀ. κτίσεως κόσμου Ro 1:20. ἀ. πέρυσι since last year, a year ago 2 Cor 8:10; 9:2.—ἀπʼ αἰῶνος, ἀπʼ ἀρχῆς, ἀπʼ ἄρτι (also ἀπαρτί and ἄρτι), ἀπὸ καταβολῆς κόσμου, ἀπὸ τότε, ἀπὸ τοῦ νῦν; s. the pertinent entries.

β. w. the limits defined, forward and backward: ἀπὸ … ἕως (Jos., Ant. 6, 364) Mt 27:45. ἀπὸ … ἄχρι Phil 1:5. ἀπὸ … μέχρι Ac 10:30; Ro 5:14; 15:19.

γ. ἀφʼ ἧς (sc. ὥρας or ἡμέρας, which is found Col 1:6, 9; but ἀφʼ ἧς became a fixed formula: ParJer 7:28; Plut., Pelop. [285] 15, 5; s. B-D-F §241, 2) since Lk 7:45 (Renehan ’75, 36f); Ac 24:11; 2 Pt 3:4 (cp. X., Hell. 4, 6, 6; 1 Macc 1:11). ἀφʼ οὗ (sc.—as in X., Cyr. 1, 2, 13—χρόνου; Att. ins in Meisterhans.³-Schw. and s. Witkowski, index 163; ἀφʼ οὗ is also a formula) since, when once (X., Symp. 4, 62; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 16 Jac.; Lucian, Dial. Mar. 15, 1; Ex 5:23 GrBar 3:6) Lk 13:25; 24:21; Rv 16:18 (cp. Da 12:1; 1 Macc 9:29; 16:24; 2 Macc 1:7; TestAbr B 13 p. 117, 23; GrBar; Jos., Ant. 4, 78). τρία ἔτη ἀφʼ οὗ (cp. Tob 5:35 S) Lk 13:7. ἀφότε s. ὅτε 1aγ end.

ⓒ the beg. of a series from … (on).

α. ἀρξάμενος ἀ. Μωϋσέως καὶ ἀ. πάντων τ. προφητῶν beginning w. Moses and all the prophets Lk 24:27. ἕβδομος ἀ. Ἀδάμ Jd 14 (Diod S 1, 50, 3 ὄγδοος ὁ ἀπὸ τοῦ πατρός [ancestor]; Appian, Mithrid. 9 §29 τὸν ἕκτον ἀπὸ τοῦ πρώτου Μιθριδάτην; Arrian, Anab. 7, 12, 4; Diog. L. 3, 1: Plato in the line of descent was ἕκτος ἀπὸ Σόλωνος; Biogr. p. 31: Homer δέκατος ἀπὸ Μουσαίου). ἀ. διετοῦς καὶ κατωτέρω Mt 2:16 (cp. Num 1:20; 2 Esdr 3:8).

β. w. both beg. and end given ἀπὸ … ἕως (Sir 18:26; 1 Macc 9:13) Mt 1:17; 23:35; Ac 8:10. Sim., ἀ. δόξης εἰς δόξαν fr. glory to glory 2 Cor 3:18.

③ to indicate origin or source, from

ⓐ lit., with verbs of motion

α. down from πίπτειν ἀ. τραπέζης Mt 15:27. καθεῖλεν δυνάστας ἀ. θρόνων God has dethroned rulers Lk 1:52.

β. from ἔρχεσθαι ἀ. θεοῦ J 3:2; cp. 13:3; 16:30. παραγίνεται ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας Mt 3:13; ἀ. ἀνατολῶν ἥξουσιν 8:11 (Is 49:12; 59:19); ἀ. τοῦ ἱεροῦ ἐπορεύετο 24:1; ἀ. Παμφυλίας Ac 15:38. ἐγείρεσθαι ἀ. τ. νεκρῶν be raised from the dead Mt 14:2.

ⓑ lit., to indicate someone’s local origin from (Hom. et al.; Soph., El. 701; Hdt. 8, 114; ins [RevArch 4 sér. IV 1904 p. 9 ἀπὸ Θεσσαλονίκης]; pap [HBraunert, Binnenwanderung ’64, 384, s.v.; PFlor 14, 2; 15, 5; 17, 4; 22, 13 al.]; Judg 12:8; 13:2; 17:1 [all three acc. to B]; 2 Km 23:20 al.; Jos., Bell. 3, 422, Vi. 217; Just., A I, 1 τῶν ἀπὸ Φλαουί̈ας Νέας πόλεως; s. B-D-F §209, 3; Rob. 578) ἦν ἀ. Βηθσαϊδά he was from B. J 1:44; cp. 12:21. ὄχλοι ἀ. τῆς Γαλιλαίας crowds fr. Galilee Mt 4:25. ἄνδρες ἀ. παντὸς ἔθνους Ac 2:5. ἀνὴρ ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου a man fr. the crowd Lk 9:38. ὁ προφήτης ὁ ἀ. Ναζαρέθ Mt 21:11. οἱ ἀ. Κιλικίας the Cilicians Ac 6:9. οἱ ἀδελφοὶ οἱ ἀ. Ἰόππης 10:23 (Musaeus 153 παρθένος ἀπʼ Ἀρκαδίας; Just., A I, 58, 1 Μακρίωνα … τὸν ἀπὸ Πόντου). οἱ ἀ. Θεσσαλονίκης Ἰουδαῖοι 17:13. οἱ ἀ. τῆς Ἰταλίας the Italians Hb 13:24, who could be inside as well as outside Italy (cp. Dssm., Her. 33, 1898, 344, LO 167, 1 [LAE 200, 3]; Mlt. 237; B-D-F §437).—Rather denoting close association οἱ ἀ. τῆς ἐκκλησίας members of the church Ac 12:1; likew. 15:5 (cp. Plut., Cato Min. 4, 2 οἱ ἀπὸ τ. στοᾶς φιλόσοφοι; Ps.-Demetr. c. 68 οἱ ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ=his [Isocrates’] pupils; Synes., Ep. 4 p. 162b; 66 p. 206c; PTebt 33, 3 [112 B.C.], Ῥωμαῖος τῶν ἀπὸ συγκλήτου; Ar. 15, 1 Χριστιανοὶ γενεαλογοῦνται ἀπὸ … Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ; Ath.).—To indicate origin in the sense of material fr. which someth. is made (Hdt. 7, 65; Theocr. 15, 117; IPriene 117, 72 ἀπὸ χρυσοῦ; 1 Esdr 8:56; Sir 43:20 v.l.) ἔνδυμα ἀ. τριχῶν καμήλου clothing made of camel’s hair Mt 3:4.

ⓒ fig., w. verbs of asking, desiring, to denote the pers. of or from whom a thing is asked (Ar. 11, 3): δανίσασθαι ἀπό τινος borrow fr. someone Mt 5:42. ἐκζητεῖν ἀ. τῆς γενεᾶς ταύτης Lk 11:51. ἀπαιτεῖν τι ἀπό τινος Lk 12:20. ζητεῖν τι ἀπό τινος 1 Th 2:6. λαμβάνειν τι ἀπό τινος Mt 17:25f; 3J 7.

ⓓ fig., w. verbs of perceiving, to indicate source of the perception (Lysias, Andoc. 6; Ps.-Aristot., De Mundo 6, 399b ἀπʼ αὐτῶν τῶν ἔργων θεωρεῖται ὁ θεός; Appian, Liby. 104 §493 ἀπὸ τῆς σφραγῖδος=[recognize a corpse] by the seal-ring; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 2, 1 στοχάζεσθαι ἀπὸ τῶν ὀνομάτων; Just., D. 60, 1 τοῦτο νοοῦμεν ἀπὸ τῶν λόγων τῶν προλελεγμένων; 100, 2 ἀπὸ τῶν γραφῶν): ἀ. τῶν καρπῶν αὐτῶν ἐπιγνώσεσθε αὐτούς by their fruits you will know them Mt 7:16, 20. μανθάνειν παραβολὴν ἀ. τῆς συκῆς learn a lesson from the fig tree 24:32; Mk 13:28. ἀπὸ τῶν σπερμάτων μὴ ποιεῖσθαι τὴν παραβολήν if we are not to derive our parable solely from reference to seeds (cp. 1 Cor 15:37) AcPlCor 2:28.—Also μανθάνειν τι ἀπό τινος learn someth. fr. someone Gal 3:2; Col 1:7.

ⓔ γράψαι ἀφʼ ὧν ἠδυνήθην, lit., write from what I was able, i.e. as well as I could B 21:9 (cp. Tat. 12, 5 οὐκ ἀπὸ γλώττης οὐδὲ ἀπὸ τῶν εἰκότων οὐδὲ ἀπʼ ἐννοιῶν etc.).

④ to indicate distance fr. a point, away from, for μακρὰν ἀ. τινος far fr. someone, ἀπὸ μακρόθεν fr. a great distance s. μακράν, μακρόθεν. ἀπέχειν ἀπό τινος s. ἀπέχω 4. W. detailed measurements (corresp. to Lat. ‘a’, s. B-D-F §161, 1; Rob. 575; WSchulze, Graeca Latina 1901, 15ff; Hdb. on J 11:18; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 12 §42; CB I/2, 390 no. 248) ἦν Βηθανία ἐγγὺς τῶν Ἱεροσολύμων ὡς ἀπὸ σταδίων δεκατέντε Bethany was near Jerusalem, about 15 stades (less than 3 km.) away J 11:18. ὡς ἀπὸ πηχῶν διακοσίων about 200 cubits (c. 90 meters) 21:8. ἀπὸ σταδίων χιλίων ἑξακοσίων about 1600 stades (c. 320 km.) Rv 14:20; cp. Hv 4, 1, 5 (for other examples of this usage, s. Rydbeck 68).—Hebraistically ἀπὸ προσώπου τινός (Gen 16:6; Jer 4:26; Jdth 2:14; Sir 21:2; 1 Macc 5:34; En 103:4; Just., A I, 37, 1 ἀπὸ προσώπου τοῦ πατρὸς ἐλέχθησαν διὰ Ἠσαίου … οἵδε οἱ λόγοι ‘in the name of the father … through Isaiah’; 38, 1 al.)=מִפְּנֵי פ׳ ( away) from the presence of someone 2 Th 1:9 (Is 2:10, 19, 21); Rv 12:14 (B-D-F §140; 217, 1; Mlt-H. 466).

⑤ to indicate cause, means, or outcome

ⓐ gener., to show the reason for someth. because of, as a result of, for (numerous ref. in FBleek on Hb 5:7; PFay 111, 4; POxy 3314, 7 [from falling off a horse]; Jdth 2:20; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]; AscIs 3:13; Jos., Ant. 9, 56) οὐκ ἠδύνατο ἀ. τοῦ ὄχλου he could not because of the crowd Lk 19:3; cp. Mk 2:4 D. οὐκ ἐνέβλεπον ἀπὸ τῆς δόξης τοῦ φωτός I could not see because of the brilliance of the light Ac 22:11. ἀ. τοῦ πλήθους τ. ἰχθύων J 21:6 (M-EBoismard, ad loc.: s. 1f end). ἀ. τοῦ ὕδατος for the water Hs 8, 2, 8. ἀ. τῆς θλίψεως because of the persecution Ac 11:19. οὐαὶ τῷ κόσμῳ ἀ. τ. σκανδάλων Mt 18:7 (s. B-D-F §176, 1; Mlt. 246). εἰσακουσθεὶς ἀ. τῆς εὐλαβείας heard because of his piety Hb 5:7 (but the text may be corrupt; at any rate it is obscure and variously interpr.; besides the comm. s. KRomaniuk, Die Gottesfürchtigen im NT: Aegyptus 44, ’64, 84; B-D-F §211; Rob. 580; s. on εὐλάβεια).

ⓑ to indicate means with the help of, with (Hdt. et al.; Ael. Aristid. 37, 23 K.=2 p. 25 D.; PGM 4, 2128f σφράγιζε ἀπὸ ῥύπου=seal with dirt; En 97:8) γεμίσαι τὴν κοιλίαν ἀ. τ. κερατίων fill one’s stomach w. the husks Lk 15:16 v.l. (s. ἐκ 4aζ; cp. Pr 18:20). οἱ πλουτήσαντες ἀπʼ αὐτῆς Rv 18:15 (cp. Sir 11:18).

ⓒ to indicate motive or reason for, from, with (Appian, Bell. Civ. 5, 13 §52 ἀπʼ εὐνοίας=with goodwill; 1 Macc 6:10; pap exx. in Kuhring 35) κοιμᾶσθαι ἀ. τῆς λύπης sleep from sorrow Lk 22:45. ἀ. τῆς χαρᾶς αὐτοῦ Mt 13:44; cp. Lk 24:41; Ac 12:14. ἀ. τοῦ φόβου κράζειν Mt 14:26, ἀ. φόβου καὶ προσδοκίας with fear and expectation Lk 21:26. Hence verbs of fearing, etc., take ἀ. to show the cause of the fear (s. above 1c) μὴ φοβεῖσθαι ἀ. τ. ἀποκτεννόντων τὸ σῶμα not be afraid of those who kill only the body Mt 10:28; Lk 12:4 (cp. Jdth 5:23; 1 Macc 2:62; 3:22; 8:12; En 106:4).

ⓓ to indicate the originator of the action denoted by the verb from (Trag., Hdt. et al.) ἀ. σοῦ σημεῖον ἰδεῖν Mt 12:38. γινώσκειν ἀπό τινος learn fr. someone Mk 15:45. ἀκούειν ἀ. τοῦ στόματός τινος hear fr. someone’s mouth, i.e. fr. him personally Lk 22:71 (Dionys. Hal. 3, 8 ἀ. στόματος ἤκουσεν); cp. Ac 9:13; 1J 1:5. τὴν ἀ. σοῦ ἐπαγγελίαν a promise given by you Ac 23:21 (cp. Ath. 2, 3 ταῖς ἀπὸ τῶν κατηγόρων αἰτίαις ‘the charges made by the accusers’). ἀφʼ ἑνὸς ἐγενήθησαν Hb 11:12. Prob. παραλαμβάνειν ἀ. τοῦ κυρίου 1 Cor 11:23 is to be understood in the same way: Paul is convinced that he is taught by the Lord himself (for direct teaching s. EBröse, Die Präp. ἀπό 1 Cor 11:23: StKr 71, 1898, 351–60; Dssm.; BWeiss; Ltzm.; H-DWendland. But for indirect communication: Zahn et al.). παραλαβὼν ἀπὸ τῶν θυγατέρων Φιλίππου, ὅτι Papias (11:2); opp. παρειληφέναι ὑπὸ τῶν θ. Φ. (2:9).—Of the more remote cause ἀπʼ ἀνθρώπων from human beings (as opposed to transcendent revelation; w. διʼ ἀνθρώπου; cp. Artem. 1, 73 p. 66, 11 ἀπὸ γυναικῶν ἢ διὰ γυναικῶν; 2, 36 p. 135, 26) Gal 1:1. ἀ. κυρίου πνεύματος fr. the Lord, who is the Spirit 2 Cor 3:18. ἔχειν τι ἀπό τινος have (received) someth. fr. someone 1 Cor 6:19; 1 Ti 3:7; 1J 2:20; 4:21.—In salutation formulas εἰρήνη ἀ. θεοῦ πατρός ἡμῶν peace that comes from God, our father Ro 1:7; 1 Cor 1:3; 2 Cor 1:2; Gal 1:3; Eph 1:2; cp. 6:23; Phil 1:2; Col 1:2; 1 Th 1:1 v.l.; 2 Th 1:2; 1 Ti 1:2; 2 Ti 1:2; Tit 1:4; Phlm 3. σοφία ἀ. θεοῦ wisdom that comes fr. God 1 Cor 1:30. ἔπαινος ἀ. θεοῦ praise fr. God 4:5. καὶ τοῦτο ἀ. θεοῦ and that brought about by God Phil 1:28. The expr. εἰρήνη ἀπὸ ‘ὁ ὢν καὶ ὁ ἦν καὶ ὁ ἐρχόμενος’ Rv 1:4 is quite extraordinary. It may be an interpretation of the name Yahweh already current, or an attempt to show reverence for the divine name by preserving it unchanged, or simply one more of the grammatical peculiarities so frequent in Rv (Meyer⁶-Bousset 1906, 159ff; Mlt. 9, note 1; cp. PParis 51, 33 ἀπὸ ἀπηλιότης; Mussies 93f, 328).

ⓔ to indicate responsible agents for someth., from, of

α. the self, st. Gk. usage (Thu. 5, 60, 1; X., Mem. 2, 10, 3; Andoc., Orat. 2, 4 οὗτοι οὐκ ἀφʼ αὑτῶν ταῦτα πράττουσιν; Diod S 17, 56; Num 16:28; 4 Macc 11:3; En 98:4; TestAbr A 15 p. 95, 26 [Stone p. 38]; 18 p. 101, 6 [Stone p. 50]; Just., A I, 43, 8) the expr. ἀφʼ ἑαυτοῦ (pl. ἀφʼ ἑαυτῶν) of himself and ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ of myself are common Lk 12:57; 21:30; 2 Cor 3:5, esp. so in J: 5:19, 30; 8:28; 10:18; 15:4.—7:17f; 11:51; 14:10; 16:13; 18:34. So also ἀπʼ ἐμαυτοῦ οὐκ ἐλήλυθα I did not come of myself (opp. the Father sent me) 7:28; 8:42.

β. fr. others. W. verbs in the pass. voice or pass. mng. ὑπό is somet. replaced by ἀπό (in isolated cases in older Gk. e.g. Thu. 1, 17 et al. [Kühner-G. II/1 p. 457f]; freq. in later Gk.: Polyb. 1, 79, 14; Hero I 152, 6; 388, 11; Nicol. Dam.: 90 Fgm. 130, 130 Jac.; IG XII/5, 29, 1; SIG 820, 9; PLond III, 1173, 12 p. 208; BGU 1185, 26; PFlor 150, 6 ἀ. τῶν μυῶν κατεσθιόμενα; PGM 4, 256; Kuhring 36f; 1 Macc 15:17; Sir 16:4; ParJer 1:1 ᾐχμαλωτεύθησαν … ἀπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 62; Just., A I, 68, 6 ἐπιστολὴν … γραφεῖσάν μοι ἀπὸ Σερήνου, D. 121, 3 ἀπὸ παντὸς [γένους] μετάνοιαν πεποιῆσθαι. See B-D-F §210; Rob. 820; GHatzidakis, Einl. in d. neugriech. Gramm. 1892, 211; AJannaris, An Histor. Gk. Grammar 1897, §1507). Yet just at this point the textual tradition varies considerably, and the choice of prep. is prob. at times influenced by the wish to express special nuances of mng. Lk 8:29b v.l. (ὑπό text); 43b (ὑπό v.l.); 10:22 D; ἀποδεδειγμένος ἀ. τ. θεοῦ attested by God Ac 2:22. ἐπικληθεὶς Βαρναβᾶς ἀ. (ὑπό v.l.) τ. ἀποστόλων named B. by the apostles 4:36. κατενεχθεὶς ἀ. τοῦ ὕπνου overcome by sleep 20:9. ἀθετούμενος ἀπὸ τῶν παραχαρασσόντων τὰ λόγια αὐτοῦ inasmuch as (Jesus) is being rejected by those who falsify his words AcPlCor 2:3. νεκροῦ βληθέντος ἀπὸ τῶν υἱῶν Ἰσραὴλ ἐπʼ αὐτά when a corpse was cast upon them (the bones of Elisha) 2:32. In such cases ἀπό freq. denotes the one who indirectly originates an action, and can be transl. at the hands of, by command of: πολλὰ παθεῖν ἀ. τ. πρεσβυτέρων suffer much at the hands of the elders Mt 16:21; cp. Lk 9:22; 17:25, where the emphasis is to be placed on παθεῖν, not on ἀποδοκιμασθῆναι. In ἀ. θεοῦ πειράζομαι the thought is that the temptation is caused by God, though not actually carried out by God Js 1:13. ἡτοιμασμένος ἀ. τοῦ θεοῦ prepared by God’s command, not by God in person Rv 12:6.

⑥ In a few expr. ἀπό helps to take the place of an adverb. ἀπὸ μέρους, s. μέρος 1c.—ἡμέρᾳ ἀφʼ ἡμέρας day by day GJs 12:3.—ἀπὸ μιᾶς (acc. to Wlh., Einl.² 26, an Aramaism, min ḥădā˒=at once [s. MBlack, An Aramaic Approach³, ’67, 113]; but this does not explain the fem. gender, found also in the formulaic ἐπὶ μιᾶς Maxim. Tyr. 6, 3f En 99:9 [s. SAalen, NTS 13, ’67, 3] and in Mod. Gk. μὲ μιᾶς at once [Thumb §162 note 2]. PSI 286, 22 uses ἀπὸ μιᾶς of a payment made ‘at once’; on the phrase s. New Docs 2, 189. Orig. γνώμης might have been a part of the expr. [Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 73], or ὁρμῆς [Thu. 7, 71, 6], or γλώσσης [Cass. Dio 44, 36, 2], or φωνῆς [Herodian 1, 4, 8]; cp. ἀπὸ μιᾶς φωνῆς Plut., Mor. 502d of an echo; s. B-D-F §241, 6) unanimously, alike, in concert Lk 14:18. Sim. ἀπὸ τ. καρδιῶν fr. (your) hearts, sincerely Mt 18:35.—Himerius, Or. 39 [=Or. 5], 6 has as a formula διὰ μιᾶς, probably = continuously, uninterruptedly, Or. 44 [=Or. 8], 2 fuller διὰ μιᾶς τῆς σπουδῆς=with one and the same, or with quite similar zeal.—M-M.

Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά παλαιοχριστιανική Λογοτεχνία > ἀπό

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